Giant Clover's exact time is 12 Hours 30 Minutes so its:
1 Day 13 Hours 30 Minutes till full grown
1 Day 1 Hour till ripe (almost exactly one day as Wayvern inferred)

I'll try to get the others to be confirmed. In the meantime a lot of these are good estimates.

Also, since doing the math for fertilizers and time difference is very hard for some of you I made this to calculate it for you. For some reason I thought +5 growth was more growth per interval and not shorter growth to stage, so I'm sorry for everyone confused before. In the meantime if you have fertilizers and its too hard or you just don't want to do it yourself you can use this. The time it'll get is exact so use your judgement if your data is one minute off.